THE MAHABHARATA
CODENSED IN
THE POET’S OWN WORDS
THE POET’S OWN WORDS
By PANDIT
A. M. SRINIVASACHARIAR
A. M. SRINIVASACHARIAR
Translated By Dr V,
Raghavan M.A., Ph.D.
Raghavan M.A., Ph.D.
॥अनुशासनपर्व॥
ANUSASANA PARVA
भीष्मः-
’आचाराल्लभते ह्यायुर्दुराचारा
गतायुषः॥
गतायुषः॥
Bhishma
continued-
continued-
‘One
obtains a long life by good conduct; those of bad conduct die early.’
obtains a long life by good conduct; those of bad conduct die early.’
परदारा न गन्तव्याः परिवादं
विवर्जयेत्।
विवर्जयेत्।
द्वेषस्तंभाभिमानं च तैक्ष्ण्यं
च परिवर्जयेत् ॥
च परिवर्जयेत् ॥
One
must not seek others’ wives, must avoid talking ill of others, avoid hate,
stiffness, pride and severity.
must not seek others’ wives, must avoid talking ill of others, avoid hate,
stiffness, pride and severity.
वृद्धो ज्ञातिस्तथा मित्रमनाथा
च स्वसा गुरुः।
च स्वसा गुरुः।
कुलीनः पण्डित इति रक्ष्या
निस्स्वास्स्वशक्तितः ॥
निस्स्वास्स्वशक्तितः ॥
An
old man, a relative, a friend, a widowed sister, a teacher, one of a good
family and a learned man, these, if poor, must be protected by one according to
one’s ability.
old man, a relative, a friend, a widowed sister, a teacher, one of a good
family and a learned man, these, if poor, must be protected by one according to
one’s ability.
अनायुष्या भवेदीर्ष्या
तस्मादीर्ष्या विवर्जयेत्॥
तस्मादीर्ष्या विवर्जयेत्॥
Jealousy
is not conducive to longevity; therefore one should avoid jealousy.
is not conducive to longevity; therefore one should avoid jealousy.
अगाधे विमले शुद्धे सत्यतीर्थे
धृतिह्रदे।
धृतिह्रदे।
स्नातव्यं मानसे तिर्थे
सत्त्वमालम्ब्य शाश्वतम्॥
सत्त्वमालम्ब्य शाश्वतम्॥
One
must bathe in the sacred waters, deep, clear and pure, of his own mind, in the
lake of firmness and at the ford of Truth.
must bathe in the sacred waters, deep, clear and pure, of his own mind, in the
lake of firmness and at the ford of Truth.
तीर्थशौचं तपो ज्ञानं मर्दवं
सत्यमार्जवम्।
सत्यमार्जवम्।
अहिंसा सर्वभूतानामानृशंस्यं
दमश्शमः॥
दमश्शमः॥
Penance,
Knowledge, Softness, Truthfulness, Straightforwardness, Non-injury to all
beings, Sympathy, Self-control, Tranquillity – these constitute bath in waters.
Knowledge, Softness, Truthfulness, Straightforwardness, Non-injury to all
beings, Sympathy, Self-control, Tranquillity – these constitute bath in waters.
वृत्तशौचं महाशौचं तीर्थशौचमतः
परम् ॥
परम् ॥
Purity
of conduct is the great purity; the purity by baths in sacred waters is only
next to that.
of conduct is the great purity; the purity by baths in sacred waters is only
next to that.
धन्यं यशस्यमायुष्यं स्वर्ग्यं स्वस्त्ययनं
महत्।
महत्।
मांसस्याभक्षणं प्राहुर्नियताः
परमर्षयः ॥
परमर्षयः ॥
The
great abstemious sages say that the voiding of the eating of flesh is blessed,
praiseworthy, conducive to long life, helpful to attain heaven and is the great
way to well-being.
great abstemious sages say that the voiding of the eating of flesh is blessed,
praiseworthy, conducive to long life, helpful to attain heaven and is the great
way to well-being.
कामक्रोधाद्भयाद्वाऽपि यदि
चेत्सन्त्यजेत्तनुम्।
चेत्सन्त्यजेत्तनुम्।
सोऽनन्तं नरकं याति आत्महन्तृत्वकारणात्॥
He
who commits suicide in passion, anger or fear, goes to eternal hell because of
his suicide.
who commits suicide in passion, anger or fear, goes to eternal hell because of
his suicide.
शोकस्थानसहस्राणि भयस्थानशतानि
च।
च।
दिवसे दिवसे मूढमाविशन्ति
न पण्डितम्॥
न पण्डितम्॥
Every
day thousands of occasions for sorrow, and hundreds of circumstances producing
fear take possession of a fool, but not a wise man.
day thousands of occasions for sorrow, and hundreds of circumstances producing
fear take possession of a fool, but not a wise man.
‘सुखमेकान्ततो नास्ति शक्रस्यापि
त्रिविष्टपे॥
त्रिविष्टपे॥
There
is no absolute and invariable happiness even for Indra in his heaven.
is no absolute and invariable happiness even for Indra in his heaven.
क्षयान्ता निचयास्सार्वे
पतनान्तास्समुच्छ्रयाः।
पतनान्तास्समुच्छ्रयाः।
संयोगा विप्रयोगान्ताः
मरणान्तं च जीवितम्॥
मरणान्तं च जीवितम्॥
All
accumulations end in loss; all rises end in fall; all unions end in separation;
and life ends in death.
accumulations end in loss; all rises end in fall; all unions end in separation;
and life ends in death.
अर्थानामार्जने दुःखमार्जितानां
तु रक्षणे।
तु रक्षणे।
नाशे दुःखं व्यये दुःखं
धिगर्थं दुःखभाजनम्॥
धिगर्थं दुःखभाजनम्॥
There
is trouble in earning riches; trouble in guarding the riches earned; trouble if they are lost; trouble if they are
spent; fie on wealth, the store-house of miseries.
is trouble in earning riches; trouble in guarding the riches earned; trouble if they are lost; trouble if they are
spent; fie on wealth, the store-house of miseries.
जायमानांश्च संप्रेक्ष्य
म्रियमाणांस्तथैव च ।
म्रियमाणांस्तथैव च ।
न संवेगोऽस्ति चेत्पुंसः
काष्ठलोष्टसमो हि सः॥
काष्ठलोष्टसमो हि सः॥
Seeing
so well those who are being born and those who are, in the same manner, dying,
if a man is not violently disturbed, he is verily equal to a piece of wood or a
lump of clay.
so well those who are being born and those who are, in the same manner, dying,
if a man is not violently disturbed, he is verily equal to a piece of wood or a
lump of clay.
उपायोऽयं परप्राप्तौ परमः
परिकीर्तितः।
परिकीर्तितः।
नारायणस्यानुध्यानमर्चनं
यजनं स्तुतिः॥
यजनं स्तुतिः॥
This
has been described as the best means of attaining the summum bonum – the
continuous meditation of Lord Narayana, worshipping Him, making offerings to
Him and singing His praises.
has been described as the best means of attaining the summum bonum – the
continuous meditation of Lord Narayana, worshipping Him, making offerings to
Him and singing His praises.
जगत्प्रभुं देवदेवमनन्तं पुरुषोत्तमम्।
स्तुवन्नामसहस्रेण सर्वदुःखातिगो
भवेत्॥
भवेत्॥
Singing
the praise of the Lord of the universe, the God of gods, the Infinite and
Supreme Being with His thousand names, one surmounts all misery.
the praise of the Lord of the universe, the God of gods, the Infinite and
Supreme Being with His thousand names, one surmounts all misery.
एष मे सर्वधर्माणां धर्मोऽधिकतमो
मतः।
मतः।
यद् भक्त्या पुण्डरीकाक्षं
स्तवैरर्चेन्नरस्सदा॥
स्तवैरर्चेन्नरस्सदा॥
This
Dharma I consider the greatest of all Dharmas, namely, that man should always
worship with devotion and hymns the Lotu-eyed Lord, Narayana.
Dharma I consider the greatest of all Dharmas, namely, that man should always
worship with devotion and hymns the Lotu-eyed Lord, Narayana.
न क्रोधो न च मात्सर्यं
न लोभो नाशुभा मतिः।
न लोभो नाशुभा मतिः।
भवन्ति कृतपुण्यानां भक्तानां
पुरुषोत्तमे ॥
पुरुषोत्तमे ॥
In
the blessed who are the devotees of Lord Narayana, there is no anger, no
malice, no avarice, no evil thought.
the blessed who are the devotees of Lord Narayana, there is no anger, no
malice, no avarice, no evil thought.
एको विष्णुर्महद्भूतं पृथग्भूतान्यनेकशः।
त्रींल्लोकान्व्याप्य भूतात्मा
भुङ्क्ते विश्वभुगव्ययः॥
भुङ्क्ते विश्वभुगव्ययः॥
The one Vishnu, the Great Being, the Soul of all beings, the Enjoyer of the
universe, the Imperishable Lord, pervades and enjoys the various separate
beings and (all) the three worlds.
नमोऽस्त्वनन्ताय सहस्रमूर्तये
सहस्रपादाक्षिशिरोरुबाहवे।
सहस्रनाम्ने पुरुषाय शाश्वते
सहस्रेकोटियुगधारिणे
नमः॥
नमः॥
Obeisance
unto that Imperishable Being, of thousand forms, of thousand feet, eyes, heads
and hands; obeisance unto that Eternal Being of thousand names, who has in
Himself thousands of crores of aeons of Time.
unto that Imperishable Being, of thousand forms, of thousand feet, eyes, heads
and hands; obeisance unto that Eternal Being of thousand names, who has in
Himself thousands of crores of aeons of Time.
पालय त्वं प्रजास्सर्वाः
कृष्णस्तेऽस्तु परायणम्।
कृष्णस्तेऽस्तु परायणम्।
इत्युक्त्वोपासनार्थाय
विरराम महामतिः॥
विरराम महामतिः॥
“(Yudhishthira)
protect all your subjects; let Krishna be your greatest refuge;” having said thus, the wise Bhishma, stopped
for meditating (upon the Lord).
protect all your subjects; let Krishna be your greatest refuge;” having said thus, the wise Bhishma, stopped
for meditating (upon the Lord).
तूष्णींभूते ततस्तस्मिन्
व्यास आह वचस्त्वरन्।
व्यास आह वचस्त्वरन्।
’राजन्प्रकृतिमापन्नः
कुरुराजो युधिष्ठिरः ।
कुरुराजो युधिष्ठिरः ।
तमिमं पुरयानाय समनुज्ञातुमर्हसि’॥
When
Bhishma had become silent Vyasa hastened and said: “King (Bhishma)!
Yudhishthira, the Kuru King, is composed (by this discourse of yours); you must
give him leave to go to his city.”
Bhishma had become silent Vyasa hastened and said: “King (Bhishma)!
Yudhishthira, the Kuru King, is composed (by this discourse of yours); you must
give him leave to go to his city.”
युधिष्ठिरं सहामात्यमनुजज्ञे
नदीसुतः।
नदीसुतः।
उवाच चैनं मधुरं नृपं
शान्तनवो नृपः॥
शान्तनवो नृपः॥
King
Bhishma, son of the Ganges and Santanu, gave leave to Yudhishthira and his
ministers and spoke to him sweetly.
Bhishma, son of the Ganges and Santanu, gave leave to Yudhishthira and his
ministers and spoke to him sweetly.
प्रविश स्वपुरीं राजन् धर्मे च
ध्रियतां मनः।
ध्रियतां मनः।
श्रेयसा योक्ष्यसे चैव
व्येतु ते मानसो ज्वरः।
व्येतु ते मानसो ज्वरः।
आगन्तव्यं च भवता प्रवृत्ते
चोत्तरायणे ॥
चोत्तरायणे ॥
“King,
go to your city; let your mind be set on Dharma; son of Pritha (Kunti)! You
will attain good fortune; let your mind’s fever disappear; you must come (here
again to me) when the sun has begun to go northwards from the South.”
go to your city; let your mind be set on Dharma; son of Pritha (Kunti)! You
will attain good fortune; let your mind’s fever disappear; you must come (here
again to me) when the sun has begun to go northwards from the South.”
तथेत्युक्त्वा च कौन्तेयः
प्रययौ नागसाह्वयम्।
प्रययौ नागसाह्वयम्।
उषित्वा शर्वरीः श्रीमान्
पञ्चाशन्नगरोत्तमे।
पञ्चाशन्नगरोत्तमे।
दृष्ट्वा निवृत्तमादित्यं
पारिबर्हेण संवृतः।
पारिबर्हेण संवृतः।
आससाद कुरुक्षेत्रे
ततश्शान्तनवं नृपः॥
ततश्शान्तनवं नृपः॥
Saying
that he would do so, Yudhishthira went to hastinapura. After living in his excellent city for fifty
nights, and seeing then that the sun had returned (from the South), king
Yudhishthira, surrounded by his retinue, came to Bhishma in Kurukshetra.
that he would do so, Yudhishthira went to hastinapura. After living in his excellent city for fifty
nights, and seeing then that the sun had returned (from the South), king
Yudhishthira, surrounded by his retinue, came to Bhishma in Kurukshetra.
युधिष्ठिरः-
’य़ुधिष्ठिरोऽहं नृपते
नमस्ते जाह्नवीसुत।
नमस्ते जाह्नवीसुत।
प्राप्तोऽस्मि समये
[राजन्] धृतराष्ट्रो जनेश्वरः।
[राजन्] धृतराष्ट्रो जनेश्वरः।
उपस्थितस्सहामात्यो
वासुदेवश्च वीर्यवान्॥
वासुदेवश्च वीर्यवान्॥
Yudhishthira-
“King,
son of the Ganges! I am Yudhishthira; obeisance unto you; I have come in the
specified time. King Dhritarashtra has
come with his ministers; also the valorous Krishna.”
son of the Ganges! I am Yudhishthira; obeisance unto you; I have come in the
specified time. King Dhritarashtra has
come with his ministers; also the valorous Krishna.”
’दिष्ट्या प्राप्तोऽसि
कौन्तेय परिवृत्तो दिवाकरः’।
कौन्तेय परिवृत्तो दिवाकरः’।
एवमुक्त्वा तु गाङ्गेयो
धर्मपुत्रं युधिष्ठिरं।
धर्मपुत्रं युधिष्ठिरं।
धृतराष्ट्रमथामन्त्र्य
काले वचनमब्रवीत्॥
काले वचनमब्रवीत्॥
“You
are happily come, Yudhishthira; the sun has changed his course (from the south
towards the north).” After saying thus
to Yudhishthira, the son of God Dharma, and after taking leave of
Dhritarashtra, Bhishma said these words to Dhritarashtra at that time:
are happily come, Yudhishthira; the sun has changed his course (from the south
towards the north).” After saying thus
to Yudhishthira, the son of God Dharma, and after taking leave of
Dhritarashtra, Bhishma said these words to Dhritarashtra at that time:
’यथा पाण्डोस्सुता
राजंस्तथैव तव धर्मतः।
राजंस्तथैव तव धर्मतः।
तान्पालय स्थितो धर्मे
गुरुशुश्रूषणे रतान्।
गुरुशुश्रूषणे रतान्।
तव पुत्रा दुरात्मानस्तान्न
शोचितुमर्हसि “॥
शोचितुमर्हसि “॥
King
(Dhritarashtra)! By Dharma, these are as much your sons as of Pandu. Standing by Dharma, protect them who take
pleasure in the service of the elders.
Your sons were evil-natured; you must not grieve for them.”
(Dhritarashtra)! By Dharma, these are as much your sons as of Pandu. Standing by Dharma, protect them who take
pleasure in the service of the elders.
Your sons were evil-natured; you must not grieve for them.”
वासुदेवं महाबाहुमभ्यभाषत
कौरवः।
कौरवः।
Bhishma
(then) addressed Krishna of mighty arm:
(then) addressed Krishna of mighty arm:
‘भगवन्देवदेवेश सुरासुरनमस्कृत।
त्वां तु जानाम्यहं
देवं पुराणमृषिसत्तमम्।
देवं पुराणमृषिसत्तमम्।
स मां त्वमनुजानीहि
कृष्ण मोक्ष्ये कलेवरम्॥
कृष्ण मोक्ष्ये कलेवरम्॥
‘God,
Lord of the god of gods bowed to by gods and demons! I know you as the divine,
ancient and greatest sage, Narayana.
Give me leave, Krishna. I will cast off this body.”
Lord of the god of gods bowed to by gods and demons! I know you as the divine,
ancient and greatest sage, Narayana.
Give me leave, Krishna. I will cast off this body.”
कृष्णः-
अनुजानामि भीष्म त्वां
वसून्प्राप्नुहि पार्थिव।
वसून्प्राप्नुहि पार्थिव।
न तेऽस्ति वृजिनं
किञ्चित् शुद्धात्मैश्वर्यसंयुतः॥
किञ्चित् शुद्धात्मैश्वर्यसंयुतः॥
Krishna-
‘King
Bhishma, I give you leave; join the Vasus; there is no sin in you; you have the
godhead which is of the pure spirit.”
Bhishma, I give you leave; join the Vasus; there is no sin in you; you have the
godhead which is of the pure spirit.”
‘प्राणानुत्स्रष्टुमिच्छामि
तत्रानुज्ञातुमर्हथ ।
तत्रानुज्ञातुमर्हथ ।
सत्येषु यतितव्यं
वः सत्यं हि परमं बलम् ।‘
वः सत्यं हि परमं बलम् ।‘
एवमुक्त्वा कुरून्सर्वान् विशल्यस्सोऽभवत्तदा
“I
desire to give up my life (now); You must all give me leave for it; You must
strive for truth; Truth is the greatest strength.”Having said so to all the
Kurus, Bhishma became, at that time, rid of the arrow-heads (that had pierced
into his body).
desire to give up my life (now); You must all give me leave for it; You must
strive for truth; Truth is the greatest strength.”Having said so to all the
Kurus, Bhishma became, at that time, rid of the arrow-heads (that had pierced
into his body).
सन्निरुद्धस्तु तेनात्मा
सर्वेष्वायतनेषु च
सर्वेष्वायतनेषु च
जगाम भित्त्वा मूर्धानं
दिवमभ्युत्पपात ह॥
दिवमभ्युत्पपात ह॥
The
vital breaths were controlled by him at all the centres, and breaking open his
head, his soul shot up heavenwards.
vital breaths were controlled by him at all the centres, and breaking open his
head, his soul shot up heavenwards.
देवदुन्दुभिनादश्च पुष्पवर्षैस्सहाभवत्॥
सिद्धा ब्रह्मर्षयश्चैव
साधु साध्विति हर्षिताः॥
साधु साध्विति हर्षिताः॥
With showers of flowers, there arose the sounds of the celestial drums; and the
siddhas and the Brahmarshis rejoiced saying ‘good, good’
संस्कृत्य च कुरुश्रेष्ठं
गाङ्गेयं कुरुसत्तमाः।
गाङ्गेयं कुरुसत्तमाः।
जग्मुर्भागीरथीं पुण्यामुदकं
चक्रिरे तदा॥
चक्रिरे तदा॥
Performing
the crematory rites to the body of Bhishma, the greatest of the Kauravas, all
the Kauravas went to the holy Ganges and offered then the manes’ libation to
Bhishma.
the crematory rites to the body of Bhishma, the greatest of the Kauravas, all
the Kauravas went to the holy Ganges and offered then the manes’ libation to
Bhishma.
॥इति अनुशासनपर्व
समाप्तम्॥
समाप्तम्॥
THUS ENDS ANUSASANA PARVA
