THE MAHABHARATA
CONDENSED IN THE POET’S OWN WORDS
By PANDIT A. M. SRINIVASACHARIAR
UDYOGA PARVA – I
कृत्वा विवाहं तु कुरुप्रवीरा-
स्तदाऽभिमन्योर्मुदितास्सपक्षाः।
विश्रम्य रात्रावुषसि प्रतीता-
स्सभां विराटस्य
ततोऽभिजग्मुः॥
ततोऽभिजग्मुः॥
After
celebrating the marriage of Abhimanyu, the renowned heroes of the Kuru house,
the Pandavas, along with their friends and kinsmen, rested for the night in happiness,
and proceeded in the morning to the assembly hall of king Virata.
celebrating the marriage of Abhimanyu, the renowned heroes of the Kuru house,
the Pandavas, along with their friends and kinsmen, rested for the night in happiness,
and proceeded in the morning to the assembly hall of king Virata.
कथान्तमासाद्य च माधवेन
सङ्घट्टिताः पाण्डवकार्यहेतोः।
ते राजसिंहास्सहिता ह्यशृण्वन्
वाक्यं महार्थं सुमहोदयं
च ॥
च ॥
At the
end of their chat, those great kings urged by Krishna regarding the business of
the Pandavas, listened in a body to his words of great import, productive of
very great good.
end of their chat, those great kings urged by Krishna regarding the business of
the Pandavas, listened in a body to his words of great import, productive of
very great good.
कृष्णः-
सर्वैर्भवद्भिर्विदितं यथाऽयं
युधिष्ठिरस्सौबलेनाक्षवत्याम्।
जितो निकृत्याऽपहृतं
च राज्यं
वनप्रवासे समयः कृतश्च
॥
॥
Krishna-
“It is
known to you all how Yudhishthira was defeated through deceit by Sakuni in the
game of dice, how the kingdom was seized, and how the condition regarding
forest life was imposed.”
known to you all how Yudhishthira was defeated through deceit by Sakuni in the
game of dice, how the kingdom was seized, and how the condition regarding
forest life was imposed.”
एवं गते धर्मसुतस्य राज्ञो
दुर्योधनस्यापि
च यद्धितं स्यात्।
च यद्धितं स्यात्।
तच्चिन्तयध्वं कुरुपाण्डवानां
धर्म्यं च युक्तं
च यशस्करं च ॥
च यशस्करं च ॥
“ In
this situation, think out what will be beneficial to Yudhishthira and also to
king Duryodhana; what will be proper, what will bring glory to the Kauravas and
the Pandavas and will be consistent with Dharma.”
this situation, think out what will be beneficial to Yudhishthira and also to
king Duryodhana; what will be proper, what will bring glory to the Kauravas and
the Pandavas and will be consistent with Dharma.”
निशम्य वाक्यं तु जनार्दनस्य
समाददे वाक्यमथाग्रजोऽस्य।
’प्रियं च मे स्याद्यदि
तत्र कश्चिद्
तत्र कश्चिद्
व्रजेच्छमार्थं कुरुपाण्डवानाम्।
अयुद्धमाकाङ्क्षत कौरवाणां
साम्नैव दुर्योधनमाश्वसध्वम्
॥
॥
Hearing
Krishna’s words, his elder brother (Balarama) spoke: “ I shall be pleased if
somebody would go there for securing peace between the Kaurava and the
Pandavas; wish for settlement without war with the Kauravas; conciliate
Duryodhana by pacific means alone. “
Krishna’s words, his elder brother (Balarama) spoke: “ I shall be pleased if
somebody would go there for securing peace between the Kaurava and the
Pandavas; wish for settlement without war with the Kauravas; conciliate
Duryodhana by pacific means alone. “
द्रुपदः-
’ न हि दुर्योधनो राज्यं मधुरेण प्रदास्यति।
मृदुं वै मन्यते पापो भाषमाणमशक्तिकम्।
एतच्चैव करिष्यामो यत्नश्च
क्रियतामिह ॥
क्रियतामिह ॥
Drupada-
“Duryodhana
will not give up the kingdom for sweet peace; the evil fellow takes to be an
impotent one who talks mildly; this policy of peace also we will adopt and let
effort (for war) also be made in this affair.”
will not give up the kingdom for sweet peace; the evil fellow takes to be an
impotent one who talks mildly; this policy of peace also we will adopt and let
effort (for war) also be made in this affair.”
‘अयं च ब्राह्मणो विद्वान्
मम राजन् पुरोहितः।
मम राजन् पुरोहितः।
प्रेष्यतां धृतराष्ट्राय
वाक्यमस्मै प्रदीयताम् ॥
वाक्यमस्मै प्रदीयताम् ॥
“King,
let this learned Brahmin, my priest, be sent to Dhritarashtra; let a message be
given to him.”
let this learned Brahmin, my priest, be sent to Dhritarashtra; let a message be
given to him.”
द्रुपदेनैवमुक्ते
तु वृष्णिसिंहोऽब्रवीदिदम्।
तु वृष्णिसिंहोऽब्रवीदिदम्।
एतच्च पूर्वं
कार्यं नः सुनीतिमभिकाङ्क्षताम्॥
कार्यं नः सुनीतिमभिकाङ्क्षताम्॥
When Drupada spoke thus, Krishna, the
greatest of the Vrishnis, said this: “This (negotiation for peace) is to be
done first by us who want to adopt a sound
policy.”
greatest of the Vrishnis, said this: “This (negotiation for peace) is to be
done first by us who want to adopt a sound
policy.”
“ते विवाहार्थमानीता गमिष्यामो
गृहान्प्रति।
गृहान्प्रति।
स भवान्प्रेषयत्वद्य पाण्डवार्थकरं
वचः ॥
वचः ॥
“We who
have been brought here for the marriage shall go home; you, Drupada, send now a
message that will accomplish the object of the Pandavas.”
have been brought here for the marriage shall go home; you, Drupada, send now a
message that will accomplish the object of the Pandavas.”
ततस्सत्कृत्य वार्ष्णेयं
पाञ्चाल्यस्स्वपुरोहितम्।
पाञ्चाल्यस्स्वपुरोहितम्।
कुरुभ्यः प्रेषयामास
युधिष्ठिरमते स्थितः॥
युधिष्ठिरमते स्थितः॥
Then
bidding farewell to Krishna with honours, king Drupada, according to Yudhishthira’s
ideas, sent his priest to the Kauravas.
bidding farewell to Krishna with honours, king Drupada, according to Yudhishthira’s
ideas, sent his priest to the Kauravas.
धृतराष्ट्रात्मजो
राजा गूढैः प्रणिहितैश्चरैः।
स श्रुत्वा माधवं यान्तं
द्वारकामभ्ययात्पुरीम्॥
द्वारकामभ्ययात्पुरीम्॥
तमेव दिवसं चापि जगामाशु
धनञ्जयः॥
धनञ्जयः॥
King Duryodhana, hearing through
secretly sent spies that Krishna was going (to his place) went to the city of
Dwaraka. The same day, Arjuna also
hurried (to Dwaraka).
secretly sent spies that Krishna was going (to his place) went to the city of
Dwaraka. The same day, Arjuna also
hurried (to Dwaraka).
सुप्तं ददृशतुः कृष्णं
शयानं चाभिजग्मतुः॥
शयानं चाभिजग्मतुः॥
They saw Krishna asleep and approached
him even as he was lying so.
him even as he was lying so.
दुर्योधनस्तु प्रथमं वासुदेवमुपाश्रयत्।
उच्छीर्ष्णतश्च कृष्णस्य
निषसाद वरासने।
निषसाद वरासने।
ततः किरीटी पश्चार्धे प्रह्वोऽतिष्ठत्कृताञ्जलिः॥
Duryodhana,
however, reached Krishna first and sat on the excellent seat at his head. Arjuna then stood with folded hands and body
bent in reverence at Krishna’s feet.
however, reached Krishna first and sat on the excellent seat at his head. Arjuna then stood with folded hands and body
bent in reverence at Krishna’s feet.
प्रतिबुद्धस्स वार्ष्णेयो
ददर्शाग्रे किरीटिनम्।
ददर्शाग्रे किरीटिनम्।
सिंहासनगतं पश्चाद् दृष्टवान्
प्रतिपूज्य तौ।
प्रतिपूज्य तौ।
तदागमनजं हेतुं पप्रच्छ
मधुसूदनः॥
मधुसूदनः॥
Waking
up Krisha saw Arjuna first’ and he saw afterwards Duryodhana who was seated on
the throne. Receiving the two, Krishna
asked the cause of their arrival.
up Krisha saw Arjuna first’ and he saw afterwards Duryodhana who was seated on
the throne. Receiving the two, Krishna
asked the cause of their arrival.
ततो दुर्योधनः कृष्णमुवाच
प्रहसन्निव।
प्रहसन्निव।
’विग्रहेऽस्मिन् भवान्साह्यं
मम दातुमिहार्हति॥
मम दातुमिहार्हति॥
समं हि भवतस्सख्यं मम
चैवार्जुनेऽपि च।
चैवार्जुनेऽपि च।
अहं चाभिगतः पूर्वं त्वामद्य
मधुसूदन॥
मधुसूदन॥
As if laughing, Duryodhana said to
Krishna then: “ You must give me assistance in this war; equal is your
friendship with me and with Arjuna; and krishna, I sought you first now.”
Krishna then: “ You must give me assistance in this war; equal is your
friendship with me and with Arjuna; and krishna, I sought you first now.”
कृष्णः-
भवानभिगतः पूर्वं दृष्टो
राजन् धनञ्जयः।
राजन् धनञ्जयः।
साहाय्यमुभयोरेव
करिष्यामि सुयोधन ॥
Krishna-
“King, you came first; Arjuna was seen
first; Duryodhana, to both shall I render assistance.”
first; Duryodhana, to both shall I render assistance.”
‘प्रवारणं तु बालानां पूर्वं कार्यमिति श्रुतिः।’
‘मत्संहननतुल्यानां गोपानामर्बुदं महत्।
नारायणा इति ख्याता भवन्त्वेकस्य सैनिकाः॥
“Vast multitudes of cowherds with bodies
equal to mine and famed as Narayanas – let them be soldiers for one. “
equal to mine and famed as Narayanas – let them be soldiers for one. “
’अयुध्यमानस्सङ्ग्रामे
न्यस्तशस्त्रोऽहमेकतः ॥
“ On the other side, myself not fighting
in the battle, my weapons laid aside.”
in the battle, my weapons laid aside.”
‘आभ्यामन्यतरं पार्थ यत्ते हृद्यतरं मतम्।
तद्वृणीतां भवानग्रे प्रवार्यस्त्वं हि धर्मतः ॥
“ Of these two that which you, Arjuna,
view as dearer to you, you choose first; for, according to principle, your wish
must be fulfilled first.”
view as dearer to you, you choose first; for, according to principle, your wish
must be fulfilled first.”
एवमुक्तस्तु कृष्णेन कुन्तीपुत्रो धनञ्जयः।
अयुध्यामानं सङ्ग्रामे वरयामास केशवम् ॥
दुर्योधनस्तु तत्सैन्यं सर्वमावारयत्तदा।
कृष्णं चापहृतं ज्ञात्वा संप्राप परमां मुदम्||
And, Duryodhana chose the whole of
Krishna’s army; seeing Krishna deprived (of his army), he was immensely
pleased.
Krishna’s army; seeing Krishna deprived (of his army), he was immensely
pleased.
अर्जुनः-
सारथ्यं तु त्वया कार्यमिति मे मानसं सदा।
चिररात्रेप्सितं कामं तद् भवान् कर्तुमर्हति॥
Arjuna-
“ ‘You must be my charioteer’, so has my
mind wished always. That long-cherished
wish, you must fulfil.”
mind wished always. That long-cherished
wish, you must fulfil.”
कृष्णः-
’सारथ्यं ते करिष्यामि कामस्संपद्यतां
तव ॥’
तव ॥’
Krishna-
“ I will drive your chariot; let your
wish be realised.”
wish be realised.”
एवं प्रमुदितः पार्थः
कृष्णेनायाद्युधिष्ठिरम्॥
Delighted very much in this manner,
Arjuna went to Yudhishthira with Krishna.
Arjuna went to Yudhishthira with Krishna.
शल्यश्श्रुत्वा तु दूतानां
सैन्येन महता वृतः।
सैन्येन महता वृतः।
शनैर्विश्रामयन्सेनां स
ययौ यत्र पाण्डवः ॥
ययौ यत्र पाण्डवः ॥
Hearing
from the messengers, Salya, surrounded by a big army, proceeded to where
Yudhishthira was, giving rest to his army little by little (on the way).
from the messengers, Salya, surrounded by a big army, proceeded to where
Yudhishthira was, giving rest to his army little by little (on the way).
कारयामास पूजार्थं तस्य
दुर्योधनस्सभाः।
दुर्योधनस्सभाः।
संप्रहृष्टो यदा शल्यो
दिदित्सुरपि जीवितम्।
दिदित्सुरपि जीवितम्।
गूढो दुर्योधनस्तत्र दर्शयामास
मातुलम्।
मातुलम्।
परिष्वज्याब्रवीत् प्रीत
इष्टार्थो व्रियतामिति॥
इष्टार्थो व्रियतामिति॥
Duryodhana caused camp-pavilions to be
built for honouring him. At the time
when the overjoyed Salya was desiring to give even his life, Duryodhana, who
was hiding there, showed himself to his uncle; embracing him, Salya, who was
pleased, said: “Ask what you desire.”
built for honouring him. At the time
when the overjoyed Salya was desiring to give even his life, Duryodhana, who
was hiding there, showed himself to his uncle; embracing him, Salya, who was
pleased, said: “Ask what you desire.”
दुर्योधनः-
“सर्वसेना प्रणेता वै भवान् भवितुमर्हति”॥
Duryodhana-
“You must be the commander of all my
forces.”
forces.”
कृतमित्यब्रवीच्छल्यः स
तथाऽयात् स्वकं पुरम्।
तथाऽयात् स्वकं पुरम्।
ततस्त्वामन्त्र्य कौन्तेयान्
शल्यो मद्राधिपस्तदा।
शल्यो मद्राधिपस्तदा।
जगाम सबलश्श्रीमान् दुर्योधनम्
[अरिन्दम]॥
[अरिन्दम]॥
“Yes”,
said Salya; Duryodhana went to his own city; then, taking leave of the
Pandavas, Salya, the flourishing king of Madras, went over to Duryodhana, along
with his army.
said Salya; Duryodhana went to his own city; then, taking leave of the
Pandavas, Salya, the flourishing king of Madras, went over to Duryodhana, along
with his army.
इतश्चेतश्च पाण्डूनाम्
समाजग्मुर्महात्मनाम्।
समाजग्मुर्महात्मनाम्।
अक्षौहिण्यस्तु सप्तैव
विविधध्वजसङ्कुलाः॥
विविधध्वजसङ्कुलाः॥
There
came to the great Pandavas from every quarter
seven Akshauhinis of armies, thick with manifold banners
came to the great Pandavas from every quarter
seven Akshauhinis of armies, thick with manifold banners
[One
Akshauhini consisted of 21870 elephants, 21870 chariots,
Akshauhini consisted of 21870 elephants, 21870 chariots,
65610 horses and 109350 foot soldiers]
कृतवर्मा च हार्दिक्यो
दुर्योधनमुपागमत्।
दुर्योधनमुपागमत्।
Kritavarma (a Yadava chief), son of
Hridika, joined Duryodhana.
Hridika, joined Duryodhana.
एवमेकादशावृत्तास्सेना
दुर्योधनस्य ताः॥
दुर्योधनस्य ताः॥
The armies which thus turned up for
Duryodhana were eleven Akshauhinis
Duryodhana were eleven Akshauhinis
यस्स पाञ्चालराजेन प्रेषितः
कौरवान्प्रति।
कौरवान्प्रति।
स च कौरव्यमासाद्य पृष्ट्वा
चैवमनामयम्।
चैवमनामयम्।
सर्वसेनाप्रणेतॄणां मध्ये
वाक्यमुवाच ह॥
वाक्यमुवाच ह॥
And he
who was sent on embassy by king Drupada to the kauravas, – he reached
Dhritarashtra, and after enquiring of his health, said these words in the midst
of all the generals;
who was sent on embassy by king Drupada to the kauravas, – he reached
Dhritarashtra, and after enquiring of his health, said these words in the midst
of all the generals;
“साम्नैव कुरुभिस्सन्धिमिच्छन्ति
कुरुपुङ्गवाः।
कुरुपुङ्गवाः।
ते भवन्तो यथाधर्मं यथासमयमेव
च।
च।
प्रयच्छन्तु प्रदातव्यं
मा वः कालोऽत्यगादयम्॥“
मा वः कालोऽत्यगादयम्॥“
“Through peaceful means only do the
illustrious Pandavas desire peace with the Kauravas; therefore, in keeping with
Dharma and the agreement, may you give what ought to be given; let there be no
delay.”
illustrious Pandavas desire peace with the Kauravas; therefore, in keeping with
Dharma and the agreement, may you give what ought to be given; let there be no
delay.”
धृतराष्ट्रः –
’पाण्डवानां हितं चैव सर्वस्य
जगतस्तथा।
जगतस्तथा।
चिन्तयित्वा तु पार्थेभ्यः
प्रेषयिष्यामि सञ्जयम्।
प्रेषयिष्यामि सञ्जयम्।
स भवान् प्रतियात्वद्य पाण्डवानेव
मा चिरम् ॥
मा चिरम् ॥
Dhritarashtra-
Thinking out what will be good for
Pandavas and for the whole world, I will send Sanjaya to the Pandavas; may you
therefore return without delay to the Pandavas themselves.”
Pandavas and for the whole world, I will send Sanjaya to the Pandavas; may you
therefore return without delay to the Pandavas themselves.”
प्राप्तानाहुस्सञ्जय पाण्डुपुत्रान्।
उपप्लाव्ये तान्विजानीहि
गत्वा।
गत्वा।
जनार्दनं युयुधानं विराटम्
अनामयं मद्वचनेन पृच्छेः॥
(Addressing Sanjaya)-
“Sanjaya, people say that the sons of
Pandu have come to Upaplavya; go and find them; on my word, enquire of Krishna,
Yuyudhana (Satyaki, the Yadava chief) and Virata concerning their health.”
Pandu have come to Upaplavya; go and find them; on my word, enquire of Krishna,
Yuyudhana (Satyaki, the Yadava chief) and Virata concerning their health.”
’यद्यत्तत्र प्राप्तकालं
परेभ्य-
स्त्वं मन्येथाः पाण्डवानां
हितं च।
हितं च।
तद् भाषेथास्सञ्जय राजमध्ये
न मूर्च्छयेद्यन्न
च युद्धहेतुः॥
च युद्धहेतुः॥
“Sanjaya!
Speak there in the midst of kings what you think would be in keeping with the
time with reference to the other party and beneficial to the Pandavas and what
will not infuriate them or cause war.”
Speak there in the midst of kings what you think would be in keeping with the
time with reference to the other party and beneficial to the Pandavas and what
will not infuriate them or cause war.”
राज्ञस्तु वचनं श्रुत्वा स आसाद्य
युधिष्ठिरम्।
युधिष्ठिरम्।
अभिवाद्य ततः पूर्वं
सूतपुत्रोऽभ्यभाषत ॥
सूतपुत्रोऽभ्यभाषत ॥
Hearing the words of king Dhritarashtra,
Sanjaya reached Yudhishthira, bowed and then spoke:
Sanjaya reached Yudhishthira, bowed and then spoke:
‘दिष्ट्या राजंस्त्वामरोगं प्रपद्ये
सहायवन्तं च महेन्द्रकल्पम्।
अनामयं पृच्छति त्वाऽऽम्बिकेय-
श्शमं राजा धृतराष्ट्रोऽभिनन्दन्॥
“I am glad to see you, king, in health, having allies and looking like the
great Indra himself; king Dhritarashtra enquires of your welfare, approving
pacific settlement.”
युधिष्ठिरः-
स चेदेतां प्रतिपद्येत
बुद्धिं
बुद्धिं
न नश्येयुस्सञ्जय
धार्तराष्ट्राः।
धार्तराष्ट्राः।
शान्तिं गमिष्यामि यथा
त्वमात्थ
त्वमात्थ
महायशाः केशवस्तद्ब्रवीतु
।
।
वासुदेवस्तूभयोरर्थकामो
नातिक्रामे वचनं
केशवस्य॥
केशवस्य॥
Yudhishthira-
“If that
Dhritarashtra should take that view, Sanjaya, his sons will not be lost; as you say I will become pacific; let (this)
Krishna of great fame give his opinion;
he is one who desires the welfare of both and I do not transgress his word.”
Dhritarashtra should take that view, Sanjaya, his sons will not be lost; as you say I will become pacific; let (this)
Krishna of great fame give his opinion;
he is one who desires the welfare of both and I do not transgress his word.”
कृष्णः-
’अविनाशं सञ्जय पाण्डवाना-
मिच्छाम्यहं भूतिमेषां
प्रियं च।
प्रियं च।
तथा राज्ञो धृतराष्ट्रस्य
सूत
सूत
समाशंसे बहुपुत्रस्य
वृद्धिम्॥
वृद्धिम्॥
Kirshna-
“I wish
for the Pandavas what will not be their ruin, what will be their prosperity and
what will please them; even so, I wish for the prosperity of king Dhritarashtra
of many sons.”
for the Pandavas what will not be their ruin, what will be their prosperity and
what will please them; even so, I wish for the prosperity of king Dhritarashtra
of many sons.”
‘स्वयं त्वहं प्रार्थये
तत्र गन्तुं
तत्र गन्तुं
समाधातुं कार्यमेतद्विपन्नम्।
अहापयित्वा यदि पाण्डवार्थं
शमं कुरूणामपि चेच्छकेयम्
पुण्यं च मे स्याच्चरितं
महोदयं
महोदयं
मुच्येरंश्च कुरवो
मृत्युपाशात्॥
मृत्युपाशात्॥
स्थिताश्शुश्रूषितुं पार्थाः
स्थिता योद्धुमरिन्दमाः।
स्थिता योद्धुमरिन्दमाः।
यत्कृत्यं धृतराष्ट्रस्य
तत्करोतु नराधिपः॥
तत्करोतु नराधिपः॥
“Ready are the Pandavas to serve; ready
are they, the subduers of enemies, to fight; what king Dhritarashtra wants to
do, let him do.”
are they, the subduers of enemies, to fight; what king Dhritarashtra wants to
do, let him do.”
युधिष्ठिरः-
गावल्गणे कुरून्गत्वा धृतराष्ट्रं
महाबलम्।
महाबलम्।
ब्रूयाश्चैनं त्वमासीनं
कुरुभिः परिवारितम्॥
कुरुभिः परिवारितम्॥
Yudhishthira
“Sanjaya, go to the Kauravas and tell
the mighty Dhritarashtra, sitting in the midst of the Kauravas:
the mighty Dhritarashtra, sitting in the midst of the Kauravas:
“तव प्रसादात् बालास्ते
प्राप्ता राज्यमरिन्दम।
प्राप्ता राज्यमरिन्दम।
राज्ये तान्स्थापयित्वाऽग्रे
नोपेक्षस्व विनश्यतः।
नोपेक्षस्व विनश्यतः।
तात संहत्य जीवामो द्विषतां
मा वशम् गमः॥
मा वशम् गमः॥
“Vanquisher
of your enemies! as boys we obtained kingdom by your grace; having established
us on the throne once, do not neglect us to perish; father ! united we shall
live; fall not a prey to your enemies.’
of your enemies! as boys we obtained kingdom by your grace; having established
us on the throne once, do not neglect us to perish; father ! united we shall
live; fall not a prey to your enemies.’
‘अभिवाद्य च वक्तव्यस्ततोऽस्माकं पितामहः।
“स त्वं कुरु तथा तात स्वमतेन
पितामह
पितामह
यथा जीवन्ति ते पौत्राः
प्रीतिमन्तः परस्परम्॥“’
प्रीतिमन्तः परस्परम्॥“’
“After
saluting, our grandfather, Bhishma, must be told this: ‘Grandfather, act
according to your view in such a manner that your grandsons may live in mutual
affection”
saluting, our grandfather, Bhishma, must be told this: ‘Grandfather, act
according to your view in such a manner that your grandsons may live in mutual
affection”
तथैव विदुरं ब्रूयाः कुरूणां
मन्त्रकारिणम्॥
मन्त्रकारिणम्॥
“In the same manner, you shall speak to
Vidura, the counsellor of the Kauravas.”
Vidura, the counsellor of the Kauravas.”
अथ दुर्योधनं ब्रूया अनुनीय
पुनः पुनः।
पुनः पुनः।
“Then shall you tell Duryodhana,
conciliating him again and again.”
conciliating him again and again.”
“यन्नः प्रव्राजयेस्सौम्य
अजिनैः प्रतिवासितान्।
अजिनैः प्रतिवासितान्।
यत्कुन्तीं समतिक्रम्य कृष्णां
केशेष्वधर्षयत्।
केशेष्वधर्षयत्।
दुःशासनस्तेऽनुमते तच्चास्माभिरुपेक्षितम्॥
‘Good
man, that you sent us clad in skins into exile, that, ignoring Kunti (our
mother), Dussasana, with your permission, insulted Draupadi by dragging her by
the hair, – these have been endured by us.’
man, that you sent us clad in skins into exile, that, ignoring Kunti (our
mother), Dussasana, with your permission, insulted Draupadi by dragging her by
the hair, – these have been endured by us.’
“अथोचितं स्वकं भागं लभेमहि
परन्तप॥
परन्तप॥
“May we
then get our own proper share, you tormentor of enemies.”
then get our own proper share, you tormentor of enemies.”
“निवर्तय परद्रव्याद् बुद्धिं
गृद्धां नरर्षभ।
गृद्धां नरर्षभ।
शान्तिरेवं भवेद्राजन् प्रीतिश्चैव
परस्परम् ॥
परस्परम् ॥
‘Great
man, turn your avaricious mind away from others’ property. King, there will be peace thus and mutual
love also.’
man, turn your avaricious mind away from others’ property. King, there will be peace thus and mutual
love also.’
“भ्रातॄणां देहि पञ्चानां
पञ्च ग्रामान्सुयोधन।
पञ्च ग्रामान्सुयोधन।
सर्वे सुमनसस्तात शाम्याम
भरतर्षभ ॥’
भरतर्षभ ॥’
‘Duryodhana,
give to us, the five brothers, five villages; illustrious son of Bharata! with
a good heart, let all of us settle down in peace.’
give to us, the five brothers, five villages; illustrious son of Bharata! with
a good heart, let all of us settle down in peace.’
‘अलमेव शमायास्मि तथा युद्धाय
सञ्जय।’
सञ्जय।’
‘Sanjaya,
equal am I to peace and war as well’
equal am I to peace and war as well’
पार्थानामन्त्रयामास केशवं
सञ्जयस्तदा।
सञ्जयस्तदा।
याति स्म हास्तिनपुरं निशाकाले
(परन्तप)॥
(परन्तप)॥
Sanjaya
took leave of the Pandavas and Krishna (and) went to Hastinapura in the night.
took leave of the Pandavas and Krishna (and) went to Hastinapura in the night.
तस्यां रजन्यां व्युष्टायां सूतस्योपदिदृक्षया।
शुश्रूषमाणा पार्थानां वाचो
धर्मार्थसंहिताः।
धर्मार्थसंहिताः।
धृतराष्ट्रमुखास्सर्वे ययू
राजन् सभां शुभाम्॥
राजन् सभां शुभाम्॥
As that
night ended and day dawned, all (the Kauravas) headed by Dhritarashtra went to
the beautiful assembly hall, wishing to see Sanjaya and hear the righteous and
profitable words of the Pandavas.
night ended and day dawned, all (the Kauravas) headed by Dhritarashtra went to
the beautiful assembly hall, wishing to see Sanjaya and hear the righteous and
profitable words of the Pandavas.
सञ्जयः-
दुर्योधनो वाचमिमां शृणोतु
यदब्रवीदर्जुनो योत्स्यमानः॥
Sanjaya-
“ Let
Duryodhana hear these words which the great Arjuna, who is going to fight,
said:”
Duryodhana hear these words which the great Arjuna, who is going to fight,
said:”
“आशंसेऽहं वासुदेवद्वितीयो
दुर्योधनं सानुबन्धं निहन्तुम्
॥“
॥“
“ With
Krishna alone as my aid, I hope to annihilate Duryodhana along with his
followers”
Krishna alone as my aid, I hope to annihilate Duryodhana along with his
followers”
“अनालब्धं जृम्भति गाण्डिवं
धनुः
धनुः
अनाहता कम्पति मे धनुर्ज्या
।
।
बाणाश्च मे तूणमुखाद्विसृत्य
मुहुर्मुहुर्गन्तुमुशन्ति
चैव॥“
चैव॥“
Unlifted,
my Gandiva bow jumps up; undrawn, my bow string throbs; frequently coming out
of the quiver, my arrows long to shoot.
my Gandiva bow jumps up; undrawn, my bow string throbs; frequently coming out
of the quiver, my arrows long to shoot.
ये वै जय्याः समरे सूत लब्ध्वा
देवानपीन्द्रप्रमुखान्समेतान्।
तैर्मन्यते कलहं संप्रसह्य
स धार्तराष्ट्रः पश्यत
मोहमस्य ॥
मोहमस्य ॥
“Sanjaya,
those who would be triumphant even when they have against them on the
battlefield (or fight) all the gods united together and headed by Indra, with
them this Duryodhana wants to force a quarrel; see his folly. “
those who would be triumphant even when they have against them on the
battlefield (or fight) all the gods united together and headed by Indra, with
them this Duryodhana wants to force a quarrel; see his folly. “
वृद्धो भीमश्शान्तनवः
कृपश्च
कृपश्च
द्रोणस्सपुत्रो विदुरश्च
धीमान्।
धीमान्।
एते सर्वे यद् वदन्ते
तदस्तु
तदस्तु
आयुष्मन्तः कुरवस्सन्तु
सर्वे॥
सर्वे॥
‘Venerable
Bhishma, Krupa, Drona with his son, the wise Vidura-
Bhishma, Krupa, Drona with his son, the wise Vidura-
let that
which all these persons say be done; let
all the Kauravas be long-lived.”
which all these persons say be done; let
all the Kauravas be long-lived.”
दुर्योधनमिदं वाक्यं भीष्मः
शान्तन्वोऽब्रवीत्।
शान्तन्वोऽब्रवीत्।
Bhishma
addressed these words to Duryodhana.
addressed these words to Duryodhana.
वासुदेवार्जुनौ विरौ समवेतौ
महारथौ।
महारथौ।
नरनारायणौ देवाविति होवाच
नारदः॥
नारदः॥
The two
heroic warriors united together, Krishna and Arjuna, are the divine Naryana and
Nara; so hath Narada said.
heroic warriors united together, Krishna and Arjuna, are the divine Naryana and
Nara; so hath Narada said.
शङ्खचक्रगदाहस्तं यदा द्रक्ष्यसि
केशवम्।
केशवम्।
पर्याददानं चास्त्राणि भीमधन्वानमर्जुनम्।
दुर्योधन तदा तात स्मर्तासि
वचनं मम ॥
वचनं मम ॥
“When you
see Krishna with his conch, discus and
mace in hands and the terrible-bowed Arjuna wielding the missiles, then
Duryodhana, will you remember my words.”
see Krishna with his conch, discus and
mace in hands and the terrible-bowed Arjuna wielding the missiles, then
Duryodhana, will you remember my words.”
कर्णः-
’अहं हि पाण्डवान्सर्वान्हनिष्यामि
रणे स्थितान्।
रणे स्थितान्।
प्राग् विरुद्धैश्शमं सद्भिः
कथं वा क्रियते पुनः ॥
कथं वा क्रियते पुनः ॥
Karna-
I will
kill the Pandavas standing on the field of battle. How can peace be made with
those who were foes before?
kill the Pandavas standing on the field of battle. How can peace be made with
those who were foes before?
कर्णस्य तु वचः श्रुत्वा भीष्मश्शान्तनवः
पुनः।
पुनः।
धृतराष्ट्रं महाराजमाभाष्येदं
वचोऽब्रवीत्॥
वचोऽब्रवीत्॥
Hearing
Karna’s words, Bhishma, addressing king Dhritarashtra. said again these words:
Karna’s words, Bhishma, addressing king Dhritarashtra. said again these words:
‘यदयं कत्थते नित्यं हन्ताऽहं
पाण्डवानिति।
पाण्डवानिति।
नायं कलाऽपि संपूर्णा पाण्डवानां
महात्मनाम् ॥
महात्मनाम् ॥
“ This
Karna who brags every day that he would kill the Pandavas is not even a full
one-sixteenth of the great Pandavas”
Karna who brags every day that he would kill the Pandavas is not even a full
one-sixteenth of the great Pandavas”
अनयो योऽयमागन्ता पुत्राणां ते
दुरात्मनाम्।
दुरात्मनाम्।
तदस्य कर्म जानीहि सूतपुत्रस्य
दुर्मतेः ॥
दुर्मतेः ॥
“Know
the calamity that is imminent to your evil sons, the handiwork of this evil-minded
son of a driver”
the calamity that is imminent to your evil sons, the handiwork of this evil-minded
son of a driver”
विराटनगरे सर्वानभियातो धनञ्जयः।
प्रमथ्य चाच्छिनद्वासः किमयं
प्रोषितस्तदा॥
प्रोषितस्तदा॥
“Arjuna
attacked (us) all in that city of Virata and routing (us) snatched the clothes;
was this Karna away elsewhere at that
time?”
attacked (us) all in that city of Virata and routing (us) snatched the clothes;
was this Karna away elsewhere at that
time?”
गन्धर्वैर्घोषयात्रायां ह्रियते
यत्सुतस्तव।
यत्सुतस्तव।
क्व तदा सूतपुत्रोऽभूत् य
इदानीं वृषायते।
इदानीं वृषायते।
ननु तत्रापि पार्थेन गन्धर्वास्ते
पराजिताः॥
पराजिताः॥
.
“When your son was being carried away by the
Gandharvas during his visit to the cattle-farms, where was this son of the
driver who now bellows like a bull? Oh!
There again, the Gandharvas were vanquished by Arjuna.”
Gandharvas during his visit to the cattle-farms, where was this son of the
driver who now bellows like a bull? Oh!
There again, the Gandharvas were vanquished by Arjuna.”
द्रोणः-
’यदाह भरतश्रेष्ठो भीष्मस्तत्क्रियतां
नृप।
नृप।
पुरा युद्धात्साधु मन्ये पाण्डवैस्सह
सङ्गतम्॥
सङ्गतम्॥
Drona-
“King!
let that be done which Bhishma, the greatest of the Bharatas, has spoken.
Before war (breaks out), I consider alliance with the Pandavas as good.”
let that be done which Bhishma, the greatest of the Bharatas, has spoken.
Before war (breaks out), I consider alliance with the Pandavas as good.”
‘यद्वाक्यमर्जुनेनोक्तं करिष्यति
च पाण्डवः।
च पाण्डवः।
न ह्यस्य त्रिषु लोकेषु सदृशोऽस्ति
धनुर्धरः॥
धनुर्धरः॥
“What
Arjuna said, he will do; for, there is no archer equal to him in the three
worlds.”
Arjuna said, he will do; for, there is no archer equal to him in the three
worlds.”
धृतराष्ट्रः-
’क्रोशतो मे न शृण्वन्ति बालाः
पण्डितमानिनः।
पण्डितमानिनः।
युद्धे विनाशः कृत्स्नस्य वयं
शान्त्यै यतामहे ॥
शान्त्यै यतामहे ॥
Dhritarashtra-
“These
boys who think themselves to be wise do not hear me, though I cry hoarse.
Wholesale is the ruin in battle; we will strive for peace.”
boys who think themselves to be wise do not hear me, though I cry hoarse.
Wholesale is the ruin in battle; we will strive for peace.”
दुर्योधनः-
’न भेतव्यं महाराज न शोच्या
भवता वयम्।
भवता वयम्।
समर्था स्म पराञ्जेतुं बलिनस्समरे
विभो॥
विभो॥
Duryodhana-
“Great
king, you need not be afraid; you need not pity us; king, powerful that we are,
we are capable of conquering our foes in battle.”
king, you need not be afraid; you need not pity us; king, powerful that we are,
we are capable of conquering our foes in battle.”
‘युधिष्ठिरः पुरं हित्वा पञ्च
ग्रामान्स याचते।
ग्रामान्स याचते।
भीतो हि मामकात्सैन्यात् प्रभावाच्चैव
मे विभो॥
मे विभो॥
“King, leaving
off his capital city, that Yudhishthira now begs for five villages; for he is
afraid of my army and my power.”
off his capital city, that Yudhishthira now begs for five villages; for he is
afraid of my army and my power.”
अक्षौहिण्यो हि मे राजन् दशैका
च समाहृताः।
च समाहृताः।
न्यूना परेषां सप्तैव कस्मान्मे
स्यात्पराजयः ॥
स्यात्पराजयः ॥
“King!
eleven Akshauhinis have been collected for me; less than this, only seven are
the enemies’ Akshauhinis; how can there be defeat for me?”
eleven Akshauhinis have been collected for me; less than this, only seven are
the enemies’ Akshauhinis; how can there be defeat for me?”
एतत्सर्वं समाज्ञाय न मोहं गन्तुमर्हसि॥
“Knowing
all this, you ought not to be under delusion.”
all this, you ought not to be under delusion.”
धृतराष्ट्रः-
’दुर्योधन निवर्तस्व युद्धात्
भरतसत्तम।
भरतसत्तम।
अलमर्धं पृथिव्यास्ते सहामात्यस्य
जीवितुम्॥
जीवितुम्॥
Dhritarashtra-
“Duryodhana,
the best of the Bharatas! refrain from war; half of the kingdom is enough for
you to live together with your ministers.”
the best of the Bharatas! refrain from war; half of the kingdom is enough for
you to live together with your ministers.”
दुर्योधनः-
’’यावद्धि सूच्यास्तीक्ष्णाया
विद्ध्येदग्रेण मारिष।
विद्ध्येदग्रेण मारिष।
तावदप्यपरित्याज्यं भूमेर्नः
पाण्डवान्प्रति॥
पाण्डवान्प्रति॥
Duryodhana-
“Respected
king! not even as much of our land as is pierced by the tip of a sharp needle
shall be given to the Pandavas.”
king! not even as much of our land as is pierced by the tip of a sharp needle
shall be given to the Pandavas.”
दुर्योधने धार्तराष्ट्रे तद्वचो नाभिनन्दति।
तूष्णींभूतेषु सर्वेषु समुत्थस्थुर्नरर्षभाः॥
When
Duryodhana, son of Dhritarashtra, did not approve of Dhritarashtra’s words and
when everybody was mute, the great men (assembled there) rose up.
Duryodhana, son of Dhritarashtra, did not approve of Dhritarashtra’s words and
when everybody was mute, the great men (assembled there) rose up.
सञ्जये प्रतियाते तु धर्मराजो
युधिष्ठिरः।
युधिष्ठिरः।
अब्रवीत्परवीरघ्नं दाशार्हं
पाण्डुनन्दनः॥
पाण्डुनन्दनः॥
And when
Sanjaya went back Yudhishthira told Krishna, the slayer of enemy warriors.
Sanjaya went back Yudhishthira told Krishna, the slayer of enemy warriors.
अयं स कालस्संप्राप्तो मित्राणां
मित्रवत्सल।
मित्रवत्सल।
न च त्वदन्यं पश्यामि यो
न आपत्सु तारयेत्॥
न आपत्सु तारयेत्॥
‘O!
Lover of friends! the time of our friends (to help us) has come. And, besides
you, I do not see any other person who will save us in our calamities.’
Lover of friends! the time of our friends (to help us) has come. And, besides
you, I do not see any other person who will save us in our calamities.’
‘श्रुतं ते धार्तराष्ट्रस्य
सपुत्रस्य चिकीर्षितम्।
सपुत्रस्य चिकीर्षितम्।
अप्रदानेन रज्यस्य शन्तिमस्मासु
मार्गति ॥
मार्गति ॥
“You
heard what Dhritarashtra, along with his sons, wants to do? He seeks for peace
from us without giving the kingdom.”
heard what Dhritarashtra, along with his sons, wants to do? He seeks for peace
from us without giving the kingdom.”
‘इतो दुःखतरं किन्नु पञ्च
ग्रामा वृता मया।
ग्रामा वृता मया।
न च तानपि दुष्टात्मा धार्तराष्ट्रोऽनुमन्यते॥
“What is
more miserable than this? Five villages
were asked by me and even these the wicked son of Dhritarashtra does not
consent to give!
more miserable than this? Five villages
were asked by me and even these the wicked son of Dhritarashtra does not
consent to give!
’ईदृशेऽत्यर्थकृच्छ्रेऽस्मिन्
कमन्यं मधुसूदन।
कमन्यं मधुसूदन।
उपसंप्रष्टुमर्हामि त्वामृते
पुरुषोत्तम॥’
पुरुषोत्तम॥’
“In such
a great difficulty as this, Krishna, you best of men, which other person shall
I consult except you?”
a great difficulty as this, Krishna, you best of men, which other person shall
I consult except you?”
कृष्णः-
उभयोरेव वामर्थे यास्यामि कुरुसंसदम्।
शमं तत्र लभेयं चेद्युष्मदर्थमहापयन्।
मोचयेयं मृत्युपाशात् सर्वां च पृथिवीमिमाम्॥’
Krishna-
“In the
interest of both of you I will go to the Kuru court; if, without letting down
your interest, I secure peace there, I will free this whole world from the
noose of death”
interest of both of you I will go to the Kuru court; if, without letting down
your interest, I secure peace there, I will free this whole world from the
noose of death”
युधिष्ठिरः-
’न ममैतन्मतं कृष्ण यत्त्वं
यायाः कुरून्प्रति।
यायाः कुरून्प्रति।
सुयोधनस्सूक्तमपि न करिष्यति
ते वचः॥
ते वचः॥
Yudhishthira-
“Krishna,
it is not my idea that you should go to the Kauravas; even if your words be good,
Duryodhana will not act up to them.”
it is not my idea that you should go to the Kauravas; even if your words be good,
Duryodhana will not act up to them.”
तेषां मध्यावतरणं तव कृष्ण
न रोचये
न रोचये
न हि नः प्रीणयेद् द्रव्यं
तव द्रोहेण माधव॥
तव द्रोहेण माधव॥
“Krishna,
I do not like your getting into their midst. The wealth that involves harm to
you, will not please us”
I do not like your getting into their midst. The wealth that involves harm to
you, will not please us”
कृष्णः-.
जानाम्येतां महाराज धार्तराष्ट्रस्य पापताम्।
अवाच्यास्तु भविष्यामः सर्वलोके
महीक्षिताम्।
महीक्षिताम्।
अथ चेत्ते प्रवर्तेरन् मयि
किञ्चिदसांप्रतम्।
किञ्चिदसांप्रतम्।
निर्दहेयं कुरून् सर्वान् इति
मे धीयते मतिः॥
मे धीयते मतिः॥
Krishna_
“King, I
know the wickedness of Duryodhana. But
we will become blameless in the whole world and in the eyes of kings. If the Kauravas should do me anything
improper, I will burn them all; so do I resolve.”
know the wickedness of Duryodhana. But
we will become blameless in the whole world and in the eyes of kings. If the Kauravas should do me anything
improper, I will burn them all; so do I resolve.”
’न जातु गमनं पार्थ भवेत्तत्र निरर्थकम्।
अर्थप्राप्तिः कदाचित्स्यादन्ततो
वाऽप्यवाच्यता॥’
वाऽप्यवाच्यता॥’
“Yudhishthira,
never will my going there become futile; perhaps, there will be success to our
mission; at any rate, we shall become blameless.”
never will my going there become futile; perhaps, there will be success to our
mission; at any rate, we shall become blameless.”
युधिष्ठिरः-
’यत्तुभ्यं रोचते कृष्ण स्वस्ति
प्राप्नुहि कौरवान्
प्राप्नुहि कौरवान्
कृतार्थं स्वस्तिमन्तं त्वां
द्रक्ष्यामि पुनरागतम्॥
द्रक्ष्यामि पुनरागतम्॥
Yudhishthira-
“As you
please, Krishna, farewell; go to the Kauravas; I will see you return,
successful and hale.”
please, Krishna, farewell; go to the Kauravas; I will see you return,
successful and hale.”
’अस्मान्वेत्थ परान्वेत्थ वेत्थार्थान्वेत्थ
भाषितुम्।
भाषितुम्।
यद्यदस्मद्धितं कृष्ण तत्तद्वाच्यस्सुयोधनः
॥’
॥’
“You
know us, you know our foes; you know things; you know (how) to speak; Krishna,
whatever is for our good, that, you must tell Duryodhana”
know us, you know our foes; you know things; you know (how) to speak; Krishna,
whatever is for our good, that, you must tell Duryodhana”
कृष्णः
सर्वं जानाम्यभिप्रायं तेषां
च भवतश्च यः।
च भवतश्च यः।
तव धर्माश्रिता बुद्धिः तेषां
वैराश्रिता मतिः॥
वैराश्रिता मतिः॥
Krishna-
“I know
all their views and yours also; your mind is after Dharma; theirs has taken to
enmity.”
all their views and yours also; your mind is after Dharma; theirs has taken to
enmity.”
’यदयुद्धेन लभ्येत तत्ते
बहुमतं भवेत्॥
बहुमतं भवेत्॥
“That which can be got without war will be considered great by you.”
‘सर्वथा युद्धमेवाहमाशंसामि
परैस्सह।
परैस्सह।
निमित्तानि हि सर्वाणि
तथा प्रादुर्भवति मे॥’
तथा प्रादुर्भवति मे॥’
“After
all, I fear there will be only war with our foes; for, such are all the omens
that appear to me “
all, I fear there will be only war with our foes; for, such are all the omens
that appear to me “
आरुरोह रथं शौरिरुपायात्कुरुसंसदम्॥
Krishna
mounted the chariot and proceeded to the Kuru court.
mounted the chariot and proceeded to the Kuru court.
धार्तराष्ट्रास्तमायान्तं
प्रत्युज्जग्मुस्स्वलङ्कृताः।
प्रत्युज्जग्मुस्स्वलङ्कृताः।
दुर्योधनादृते सर्वे भीष्मद्रोणकृपादयः॥
Bhishma,
Drona, Kripa and others, – everybody on Dhritarashtra’s
Drona, Kripa and others, – everybody on Dhritarashtra’s
Side,
except Duryodhana, dressing themselves well, went to receive Krishna who was
coming.
except Duryodhana, dressing themselves well, went to receive Krishna who was
coming.
अथोपगम्य विदुरमपराह्ने
जनार्दनः।
जनार्दनः।
पितृष्वसारं स पृथामभ्यगच्छदरिन्दमः॥
Meeting
Vidura then in the afternoon, Krishna, the subduer of enemies, went to his
aunt, Kunti.
Vidura then in the afternoon, Krishna, the subduer of enemies, went to his
aunt, Kunti.
सा दृष्ट्वा कृष्णमायान्तं
प्रसन्नादित्यवर्चसम्।
प्रसन्नादित्यवर्चसम्।
कण्ठे गृहीत्वा प्राक्रोशत्
स्मरन्ती तनयान्पृथा॥
स्मरन्ती तनयान्पृथा॥
On
seeing Krishna, lustrous like the clear son, coming, Kunti thought of her sons,
embraced him and cried.
seeing Krishna, lustrous like the clear son, coming, Kunti thought of her sons,
embraced him and cried.
तत आश्वासयामास पुत्राधिभिरभिप्लुताम्।
पृथामामन्त्र्य गोविन्दः
कृत्वा चाभिप्रदक्षिणम्।
कृत्वा चाभिप्रदक्षिणम्।
दुर्योधनगृहं शौरिरभ्यगच्छदरिन्दमः
॥
॥
Krishna
then consoled Kunti, who was overwhelmed with the agonies suffered by her sons;
taking leave of her, and going round her, Krishna, the subduer of enemies, went
to Duryodhana’s abode.
then consoled Kunti, who was overwhelmed with the agonies suffered by her sons;
taking leave of her, and going round her, Krishna, the subduer of enemies, went
to Duryodhana’s abode.
